Diskuze v psychologii 2023, 5(1):17-27 | DOI: 10.5507/dvp.2023.009
What is important to women during childbirth?
- Křížkovského 10, 779 00 Olomouc, Česká republika
The aim of the study was to find out which factors influence women´s birth experience. A mixed design research was performed using two questionnaires; first questionnaire was filled out by women during pregnancy and the second one by the same women 3-8 weeks postpartum. The qualitative part of the research consisted of one open-ended question about the birth experience. We found that the number of birth interventions (rs = -0.498, p < 0.000), and the amount of obstetric violence (rs = -0.298, p < 0.000) negatively influenced birth satisfaction and skin-to-skin contact after birth positively influenced birth satisfaction (rs = 0.453, p < 0.000). Using thematic analysis, we identified four topics: Course of birth, Objective birth circumstances, Positive aspects of birth and Negative aspects of birth. We can conclude that women wish to give birth naturally with the least possible number of interventions, feeling respected and supported. If the interventions are necessary, it is important that they are explained properly and that women have enough time to make an informed decision.
Keywords: birth; birth satisfaction; obstetric violence; birth interventions; skin to skin contact
Received: February 12, 2023; Revised: July 23, 2023; Accepted: August 30, 2023; Published: March 1, 2024 Show citation
References
- Afshar, Y., Mei, J. Y., Gregory, K. D., Kilpatrick, S. J., & Esakoff, T. F. (2018). Birth plans-Impact on mode of delivery, obstetrical interventions, and birth experience satisfaction: A prospective cohort study. Birth, 45(1), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.1111/birt.12320
Go to original source...
- Aktaş, S., & Aydin, R. (2019). The analysis of negative birth experiences of mothers: A qualitative study. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 37(2), 176-192. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2018.1540863
Go to original source...
- Alòs-Pereñíguez, S., O'Malley, D., & Daly, D. (2023). Women's views and experiences of augmentation of labour with synthetic oxytocin infusion: A qualitative evidence synthesis. Midwifery, 116, 103512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2022.103512
Go to original source...
- Babiaková, K., Debrecéniová, J., Hlinčíková, M., Krišková, Z., Sekulová, M., & Šumšalová, S. (2015). Ženy - Matky - Telá: Ľudské práva žien pri pôrodnej starostlivosti v zdravotníckych zariadeniach na Slovensku. Občan, demokracia a zodpovednosť.
- Baxter, J. (2020). An exploration of reasons why some women may leave the birth experience with emotional distress. British Journal of Midwifery, 28(1), 24-33. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2020.28.1.24
Go to original source...
- Bell, A. F., Andersson, E., Goding, K., & Vonderheid, S. C. (2018). The birth experience and maternal caregiving attitudes and behavior: A systematic review. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 16, 67-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2018.02.007
Go to original source...
- Blanc-Petitjean, P., Dupont, C., Carbonne, B., Salomé, M., Goffinet, F., Ray, C. L., for the MEDIP study group, Crenn-Hebert, C., Gaudineau, A., Perrotte, F., Raynal, P., Clouqueur, E., Beucher, G., Deneux-Tharaux, C., & Ancel, P.-Y. (2021). Methods of induction of labor and women's experience: A population-based cohort study with mediation analyses. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 21(1), 621. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-04076-x
Go to original source...
- Bohrenová, M. A., Vogel, J. P., Hunter, E. C., Lutsiv, O., Makh, S. K., Souza, J. P., Aguiar, C., Saraiva Coneglian, F., Diniz, A. L. A., Tunçalp, Ö., Javadi, D., Oladapo, O. T., Khosla, R., Hindin, M. J., & Gülmezoglu, A. M. (2015). The Mistreatment of Women during Childbirth in Health Facilities Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review. PLOS Medicine, 12(6), e1001847.
Go to original source...
- Çalik, K. Y., Karabulutlu, Ö., & Yavuz, C. (2018). First do no harm - interventions during labor and maternal satisfaction: A descriptive cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 18(1), 415. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-018-2054-0
Go to original source...
- Coates, R., Cupples, G., Scamell, A., McCourt, C., & Bhide, A. (2021). Women's experiences of outpatient induction of labour with double balloon catheter or prostaglandin pessary: A qualitative study. Women and Birth, 34(4), e406-e415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.07.006
Go to original source...
- Elmir, R., Schmied, V., Wilkes, L., & Jackson, D. (2010). Women's perceptions and experiences of a traumatic birth: A meta-ethnography: Women's perceptions and experiences of a traumatic birth. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(10), 2142-2153. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05391.x
Go to original source...
- Fox, D., Coddington, R., & Scarf, V. (2022). Wanting to be 'with woman', not with machine: Midwives' experiences of caring for women being continuously monitored in labour. Women and Birth, 35(4), 387-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2021.09.002
Go to original source...
- Ghanbari-Homaie, S., Hasani, S., Pourfathi, H., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2022). Effectiveness of pharmacological pain relief methods on birth experience: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Current Women's Health Reviews, 18(1), 61-69. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573404817999201230234158
Go to original source...
- Grekin, R., & O'Hara, M. W. (2014). Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 34(5), 389-401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2014.05.003
Go to original source...
- Hamilton, C. (2016). Using the Valsalva technique during the second stage of labour. British Journal of Midwifery, 24(2), 90-94. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2016.24.2.90
Go to original source...
- Handelzalts, J. E., Levy, S., Krissi, H., & Peled, Y. (2022). Epidural analgesia associations with depression, PTSD, and bonding at 2 months postpartum. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, 43(4), 488-494. https://doi.org/10.1080/0167482X.2022.2081146
Go to original source...
- Hernández-Martínez, A., Rodríguez-Almagro, J., Molina-Alarcón, M., Infante-Torres, N., Rubio-Álvarez, A., & Martínez-Galiano, J. M. (2020). Perinatal factors related to post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms 1-5 years following birth. Women and Birth, 33(2), e129-e135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2019.03.008
Go to original source...
- Hildingsson, I., Karlström, A., & Larsson, B. (2021). Childbirth experience in women participating in a continuity of midwifery care project. Women and Birth, 34(3), e255-e261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.04.010
Go to original source...
- Chalmers, B., Kaczorowski, J., Levitt, C., Dzakpasu, S., O'Brien, B., Lee, L., Boscoe, M., Young, D., Maternity Experiences Study Group of the Canadian Perinatal Surveillance System, & Public Health Agency of Canada. (2009). Use of Routine Interventions in Vaginal Labor and Birth: Findings from the Maternity Experiences Survey. Birth, 36(1), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-536X.2008.00291.x
Go to original source...
- Chalmers, B. E., & Dzakpasu, S. (2015). Interventions in labour and birth and satisfaction with care: The Canadian Maternity Experiences Survey Findings. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 33(4), 374-387. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2015.1042964
Go to original source...
- Chen, C.-Y., & Wang, K.-G. (2006). Are Routine Interventions Necessary in Normal Birth? Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 45(4), 302-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1028-4559(09)60247-3
Go to original source...
- Johansson, C., & Finnbogadóttir, H. (2019). First-time mothers' satisfaction with their birth experience - a cross-sectional study. Midwifery, 79, 102540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2019.102540
Go to original source...
- Kahalon, R., Preis, H., & Benyamini, Y. (2021). Who benefits most from skin-to-skin mother-infant contact after birth? Survey findings on skin-to-skin and birth satisfaction by mode of birth. Midwifery, 92, 102862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102862
Go to original source...
- Kempe, P., & Vikström-Bolin, M. (2020). Women's satisfaction with the birthing experience in relation to duration of labour, obstetric interventions and mode of birth. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 246, 156-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.01.041
Go to original source...
- Kendall-Tackett, K., & Moberg, K. U. (2018). Is It Really Mothers' Choice?: Systemic and Provider Barriers to Breastfeeding. Clinical Lactation, 9(4), 193-199. https://doi.org/10.1891/2158-0782.9.4.193
Go to original source...
- Leite, T. H., Pereira, A. P. E., Leal, M. do C., & da Silva, A. A. M. (2020). Disrespect and abuse towards women during childbirth and postpartum depression: Findings from Birth in Brazil Study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 273, 391-401
Go to original source...
- Meijer, M., Brandão, T., Cañadas, S., & Falcon, K. (2020). Components of obstetric violence in health facilities in Quito, Ecuador: A descriptive study on information, accompaniment, and position during childbirth. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 148(3), 355-360. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13075
Go to original source...
- Molloy, E., Biggerstaff, D. L., & Sidebotham, P. (2021). A phenomenological exploration of parenting after birth trauma: Mothers perceptions of the first year. Women and Birth, 34(3), 278-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.03.004
Go to original source...
- Molyneux, R., Fowler, G., & Slade, P. (2022). The effects of perineal trauma on immediate self-reported birth experience in first-time mothers. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 43(2), 228-234. https://doi.org/10.1080/0167482X.2021.1923689
Go to original source...
- Moran-Peters, J. A., Zauderer, C. R., Goldman, S., Baierlein, J., & Smith, A. E. (2014). A Quality Improvement Project Focused on Women's Perceptions of Skin-to-Skin Contact After Cesarean Birth. Nursing for Women's Health, 18(4), 294-303. https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-486X.12135
Go to original source...
- Nystedt, A., & Hildingsson, I. (2018). Women's and men's negative experience of child birth-A cross-sectional survey. Women and Birth, 31(2), 103-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2017.07.002
Go to original source...
- Oweis, A. (2009). Jordanian mother's report of their childbirth experience: Findings from a questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 15(6), 525-533. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01774.x
Go to original source...
- Ponti, L., Smorti, M., Ghinassi, S., Mannella, P., & Simoncini, T. (2022). Can a traumatic childbirth experience affect maternal psychopathology and postnatal attachment bond? Current Psychology, 41(3), 1237-1242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00650-2
Go to original source...
- Rubashkin, N., Torres, C., Escuriet, R., & Dolores Ruiz-Berdún, M. (2019). "Just a little help": A qualitative inquiry into the persistent use of uterine fundal pressure in the second stage of labor in Spain. Birth, 46(3), 517-522. https://doi.org/10.1111/birt.12424
Go to original source...
- Unsal Atan, Ş., Ozturk, R., Gulec Satir, D., Ildan Çalim, S., Karaoz Weller, B., Amanak, K., Saruhan, A., Şirin, A., & Akercan, F. (2018). Relation between mothers' types of labor, birth interventions, birth experiences and postpartum depression: A multicentre follow-up study. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 18, 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2018.08.001
Go to original source...
- Ústav zdravotnických informací a statistiky ČR. (2021). Narození a zemřelí do 1 roku 2019. 76s.
- Watson, K., Mills, T. A., & Lavender, T. (2022). Experiences and outcomes on the use of telemetry to monitor the fetal heart during labour: Findings from a mixed methods study. Women and Birth, 35(3), e243-e252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2021.06.004
Go to original source...
- Watson, K., White, C., Hall, H., & Hewitt, A. (2021). Women's experiences of birth trauma: A scoping review. Women and Birth, 34(5), 417-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2020.09.016
Go to original source...
- World Health Organization. (2018). WHO recommendations: Intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/260178
- Yildirim, G., & Beji, N. K. (2008). Effects of Pushing Techniques in Birth on Mother and Fetus: A Randomized Study. Birth, 35(1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-536X.2007.00208.x
Go to original source...
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.